Why giving machines the ability to ‘see’ could transform the way we live
Vision is arguably the next frontier for AI companies. After all, the ability to see underpins almost every aspect of human life, and being able to develop machines that can see, process, and comprehend the world, just like a human would, can transform the way we live and work.
In the American cartoon The Jetsons, the titular family lives in a futuristic world of technological convenience, with household chores attended to by Rosie, a robotic maid and housekeeper. Rosie is able to see and understand the world around her just as humans do, enabling her to carry out her tasks and respond to the Jetsons’ shenanigans.
While robots like Rosie are still far from becoming reality, giving machines the ability to ‘see’ like humans — also known as computer vision — is a key branch of AI research and development today.
“The main purpose [of computer vision] is to try to mimic human vision,” says Liu Fang, associate professor at the department of computer science at DigiPen Institute of Technology Singapore, a specialised university focused on the digital economy. “It aims to recognize visual inputs and process them as fast as humans can.”
Vision is arguably the next frontier for AI companies. After all, the ability to see underpins almost every aspect of human life, and being able to develop machines that can see, process, and comprehend the world, just like a human would, can transform the way we live and work.
The evolution of computer vision
One of the earliest and most well-known uses of computer vision came up in the 1970s with the development of optical character recognition (OCR) but not much progress was made in the field until the 2000s, which marked significant growth in the AI industry.
According to Liu, the advent of deep learning and neural networks transformed how researchers understand and work with computer vision, especially in the process of feature extraction. This refers to the transformation of image data into numerical features that can be processed by a machine, which is how a computer is able to ‘see’ images.
“Instead of having to half-manually extract features from images, we could now train computers to automatically perform this feature extraction and identify objects,” she explains. “This has fundamentally changed the things we can do around computer vision.”
Previously, researchers had to code algorithms from scratch for feature extraction to occur. However, this meant that each feature was only suited for a specific use case and couldn’t be applied universally across different scenarios. With neural networks, researchers can now ‘teach’ models what to look out for, making it easier to develop programs that can be applied to the real world.
The power of computer vision
Thanks to the rise in deep learning, existing applications of computer vision today are things that would have been unfathomable just 50 years ago.
In healthcare, for example, computer vision technology plays a key role in the analysis of medical images, helping doctors identify abnormalities from ultrasounds, MRIs and CT scans. The technology has also come up in surveillance and security, being able to pinpoint threats or unusual behaviours.
For Liu, an interesting application lies in the realm of self-driving cars. She points to ‘Tesla Vision’, the electric vehicle firm’s autopilot system enabled by cameras, as an example of AI-based computer vision in action.
“Instead of just using radar, which is only good for gauging distance, Tesla is using computer vision to identify and recognise objects on the road,” Liu explains. “By understanding what exactly it is seeing, the AI behind the self-driving technology can better understand the situation and react accordingly.”
In the near future, Liu envisions that computer vision can be combined with other new emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), to enhance user experiences.
This technology has useful applications in areas such as medicine, where AR can help in training medical students and planning surgeries, as well as in engineering and manufacturing, where training and tests involving heavy machinery can be done in simulations.
The road ahead
While computer vision has come far, it still faces several limitations. Computational challenges and issues with processing power are a key hurdle that many computer vision models struggle with. Computer vision systems are also lacking in key aspects of mimicking human vision — while they are capable of recognising individual objects, they cannot understand the scenes they’re looking at.
Additionally, the sector struggles with talent. In Asia-Pacific alone, it has been estimated that there will be a shortage of 47 million people by 2030, with the AI talent gap being a barrier to the growth of the sector.
However, much is being done to address these hurdles. Liu shares that researchers are looking at combining computer vision with other technologies such as natural language processing to close the gaps in what computer vision can do. Some scientists have combined language processing models with computer vision technology to allow machines to understand context, creating AI models that can parse both language and visuals.
“At present, we don’t need it to understand what it is seeing exactly as humans do, but we want it to be able to build a representation of the content in the scene, which will help the AI make better decisions,” Liu explains.
On the talent front, governments and institutions are working to build up the pool of AI talent. The Singapore government, for one, has rolled out a comprehensive series of programmes to develop talent in the AI space, while DigiPen Singapore has launched a master’s degree in computer vision to help address this talent gap.
“We need to have a broader base of AI talent in order to create that synergy for more development and ideas,” Liu says.
“However, as computational resources grow and more talent comes into the space, we’ll be seeing even more exciting applications and developments,” she concludes. “We’re just limited by our own imagination.”
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This article was originally published on Tech in Asia’s website on 6 May 2022.
Vision is arguably the next frontier for AI companies. After all, the ability to see underpins almost every aspect of human life, and being able to develop machines that can see, process, and comprehend the world, just like a human would, can transform the way we live and work.
QS Europe Rankings Methodology
Starting from calendar year 2023, we have been publishing the QS World University Rankings: Europe. This allows a deeper look into European institutions, using a methodology familiar to our other regional rankings.
The regional remit for this ranking is those countries which are members of the Council of Europe.
The inclusion criteria is the same for our general rankings suite.
With our EECA ranking now discontinued, this ranking incorporates the majority of those countries that featured in EECA, as well as including countries from Northern, Southern and Western Europe that were previously only eligible for publication in our QS World University Ranking.
Academic Reputation | 30% |
Employer Reputation | 15% |
Citations per Paper | 10% |
Papers per Faculty | 5% |
International Research Network | 10% |
Employment Outcomes | 5% |
Faculty Student Ratio | 5% |
International Student Diversity | 5% |
International Faculty Ratio | 5% |
Inbound Exchange Student Ratio | 2.5% |
Outbound Exchange Student Ratio | 2.5% |
Sustainability Score | 5% |
Paper threshold
100 or more papers must be documented in our Scopus extract over our 5 year window. See Papers for more details.
Discover the top universities in Europe with the QS World University Rankings: Europe 2025.
684 universities have been included in this year's Europe rankings, from over 40 countries/territories.
ETH Zurich is the best university in Europe according to this ranking, finishing ahead of Imperial College London and the University of Oxford which are ranked second and third respectively.
The rest of the top 10 is completed by the University of Cambridge, UCL, the University of Edinburgh, the University of Manchester, King's College London, Université PSL and EPFL – École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne.
Introducing the latest edition of QS Insights Magazine: Leaving on a jet plane
We are thrilled to present the latest edition of the free, monthly QS Insights Magazine.
QS Insights Magazine is an invaluable resource for educators, administrators, policymakers, and anyone interested in staying ahead of the curve.
This issue delves into a range of topics that are shaping the future of education, from innovative teaching methods to advancements in technology within the academic landscape.
We are thrilled to present the latest edition of the free, monthly QS Insights Magazine.
QS Insights Magazine is an invaluable resource for educators, administrators, policymakers, and anyone interested in staying ahead of the curve.
This issue delves into a range of topics that are shaping the future of education, from innovative teaching methods to advancements in technology within the academic landscape.
Create your free QS reader account here to access this and future issues of QS Insights Magazine!
Key Articles
- Leaving on a jetplane
The article addresses the issue of low outbound student mobility in English-speaking countries despite their popularity as international student destinations. Factors such as highly ranked institutions and the global prominence of the English language attract students to these countries, while limited higher education opportunities and quality education drive inbound student numbers. Language competency, Brexit consequences, and the exclusion from the ERASMUS+ program have affected the UK's outward mobility. Efforts are being made to increase diversity and inclusivity in study abroad programs, opening new opportunities beyond traditional destinations. - AI-Literate
The Russell Group, a consortium of leading UK research universities, has developed a set of guiding principles to address the use of generative AI programs like ChatGPT. The principles aim to balance the benefits of AI in education while upholding academic rigour and integrity. They cover student and staff responsibilities, ethical use of AI, adaptation of teaching and assessment methods, transparency, and collaboration. While generally well-received, some experts have called for more specific details on maintaining academic integrity and expanding the scope of AI integration beyond the syllabus. Similar initiatives are being launched in the UK and Japan, highlighting a growing focus on AI in education. - The odd one out
Laura Chaubard, the Director General of École Polytechnique in France, reflects on her educational experiences and discusses her vision for the future of education. She describes how a transformative English language module inspired her to recognize the power of storytelling in teaching, even in the sciences. Dr. Chaubard emphasizes the importance of lifelong learning and urges students to explore diverse career paths and stay curious. She also addresses the gender gap in STEM fields, highlighting the need for structural actions to overcome cultural biases and encourage more women to pursue science and mathematics. - EDI in the classroom
The article explores the challenges and opportunities of integrating EDI (Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion) practices in the classroom. It emphasizes the need for academics to embrace a global perspective and take into account the diverse backgrounds of students. The importance of progressive pedagogy, which challenges power dynamics and creates equal relations between teachers and students, is highlighted. The article also discusses the role of social justice pedagogy in creating equitable learning environments and the need for intentional inclusivity. Additionally, the concept of cultural intelligence is touched upon, emphasizing the value of adapting teaching approaches to suit various cultural contexts. - Entrepreneurial state of mind
The article discusses the importance of fostering an entrepreneurial state of mind in students and the benefits it brings to both individuals and companies. It emphasizes the need for students to be curious, adaptable, creative, and resilient, as these qualities are highly valued by employers. The panel also highlights the significance of a culture that accepts failure and provides a safe space for students to experiment and learn from their mistakes. Additionally, the integration of sustainability practices and the promotion of gender equality in entrepreneurship are discussed, with a focus on the need for inclusivity and equal opportunities for all students.
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About QS Insights Magazine
QS Insights Magazine has gained recognition as a reliable source for valuable insights and industry trends across the globe. With each edition, our magazine continues to bring together the expertise of renowned academics, industry leaders, and practitioners in the field of education. The latest edition provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities shaping the future of education.
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We are thrilled to present the latest edition of the free, monthly QS Insights Magazine.
QS Insights Magazine is an invaluable resource for educators, administrators, policymakers, and anyone interested in staying ahead of the curve.
This issue delves into a range of topics that are shaping the future of education, from innovative teaching methods to advancements in technology within the academic landscape.
LIM College - The Business of Fashion & Lifestyle
LIM College - The Business of Fashion & Lifestyle
QS Best Student Cities 2024: Which cities are new to this year's ranking?
Belfast
Location: United Kingdom
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: =60th
Turin
Location: Italy
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 67th
Hamburg
Location: Germany
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 80th
Pretoria
Location: South Africa
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 105th
Doha
Location: Qatar
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 106th
Subang Jaya
Location: Malaysia
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 114th
Shah Alam
Location: Malaysia
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: =115th
Hannover
Location: Germany
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 124th
Yogyakarta
Location: Indonesia
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 126th
Tallinn
Location: Estonia
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 131st
Panama City
Location: Panama
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 135th
Valparaiso
Location: Chile
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 136th
Medellin
Location: Colombia
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 139th
Bratislava
Location: Slovakia
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 140th
Poznan
Location: Poland
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 142nd
Macau
Location: Macau SAR
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 143rd
Tianjin
Location: Mainland China
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 146th
Dhaka
Location: Bangladesh
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: =149th
Bilbao
Location: Spain
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 151-160
Daegu
Location: South Korea
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 151-160
Gdansk
Location: Poland
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 151-160
Harbin
Location: Mainland China
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 151-160
Izmir
Location: Turkey
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 151-160
San Jose
Location: Costa Rica
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 151-160
Taoyuan District
Location: Taiwan
Best Student Cities 2024 rank: 151-160
Discover which cities have appeared in the QS Best Student Cities 2024 ranking for the first time ever.
How studying a finance degree abroad opened up career opportunities in banking
Sponsored byBocconi University
Getting a job in the finance industry is extremely competitive and securing a job can be hard even for the brightest graduates. That’s why it’s essential to gain the skills and qualifications you’ll need and establish a strong network.
QSChina spoke to Bocconi University graduate, Fangyi Li, about how studying a finance master’s at a reputable university in Italy helped him achieve his career goals in the finance industry.
Fangyi told us how his MSc Finance helped him progress in his career:
Could you just give me a quick overview of your career so far?
I started my career at Merrill Lynch in its consumer and retail investment banking team here in London. In this role, I helped consumer and retail companies in their mergers and acquisitions transactions, equity and debt financing.
I worked with the bank for four years. After which, I felt like the learning curve had flattened and it was time for me to embrace a new challenge. For me, this was working as an investor rather than as an advisor and so I moved to TPG, the global private equity fund.
Can you just tell me a bit about what your current role at TPG involves?
I now work in private equity, evaluating investment opportunities. I study the industry trends by reading the reports and talking to industry experts. I also work with our advisors – working with consultants on the market study, or with accountants on financial due diligence.
I spend most of time building financial models for our internal Investment Committee materials. If we want to invest in something, the Investment Committee will have to approve it. In order for them to do that, we prepare very different materials.
We also work on portfolio management. If we buy a company, we monitor it to make sure it's on track measured against our underwriting financial plan.
Can you tell me a bit about why you chose to study at Bocconi and what particularly stood out to you about the master’s in finance at Bocconi?
I got my double bachelor's degrees back in China: one in Italian and one in economics. I wanted to deepen my knowledge in finance and to prepare for a career in finance. At the same time I thought, if I can practice my Italian that would be perfect. So, it seemed like the natural choice to apply to Bocconi University at that time. As a result, the MSc Finance at Bocconi was the only programme I applied for.
Why the finance programme? Bocconi University is a career-centred school. I wanted to prepare for a career in finance and attend a school which offers good career services. At the same time, the programme's curricula is very rigorous and practical.
Bocconi's MSc Finance programme helps you build practical skills that you can use in your day-to-day work. You'll meet and work with classmates who are ambitious and want a career in finance. I still have regular catch-ups with my classmates as a lot of them are also based in London.
The tuition fees are also lower than similar programmes in the UK or US and there's a higher chance to secure scholarships.
Can you tell me a bit about what the degree covered and how you've used your knowledge from your degree in your career so far?
As I’ve mentioned before, Bocconi University’s MSc Finance has a rigorous curricula . You study all the fundamental courses and in the second year you’ll have the opportunity to choose from four elective courses.
You can concentrate on corporate finance like I did, or you can select another option like quantitative finance. I was quite happy with my choice. Alternatively, if you're not sure of what you want to do, you do not have to declare a concentration. The accounting course, the corporate finance course and advanced corporate finance course were all hugely helpful for my jobs post-graduation and for my interviews to get those jobs.
Some of the students go on exchange programmes in their second year, which is great because you'll get to visit other countries and get that international perspective.
How has Bocconi supported you in your career while you were studying and after graduating?
Before I joined in Bocconi, I only had a rough idea that I wanted a career in finance . I didn't have a clear picture. I didn't know what an investment bank or a private equity bank did.
When I was studying there, I went to an investment bank weekend, where representatives from investment banking firms came to the campus.
There were also students there who did a summer internship in investment banking. I found this particularly helpful to understand what the job actually entails and to find out more about their experiences.
By speaking with the representatives and also your fellow students, you get an idea of whether the culture is for you, and whether you actually want to pursue a career in banking or you want to do something else. I found that incredibly helpful.
After graduation, I think the biggest asset you have is that a lot of your friends from the programme will also work in banking. You will start your career at the same time as your classmates, so it's really great to keep in touch, both personally and professionally.
After university, you started working at Merrill Lynch. How do you think your MSc Finance from Bocconi helped you secure this role?
When I started, I thought I wanted to do something like risk management. I’m good with numbers and I thought the competition for jobs would probably be lower.
I didn't realise back then that risk management actually requires you to have some coding skills. I soon realised that this career path was not for me and that I wanted to do something else. I got in touch with Bocconi’s alumni network and now here I am!
I would advise students to leverage the networking opportunities in those investment weekends, and to use LinkedIn to reach out to any alumni you want to speak with.
I find people are incredibly helpful. Most of them will respond to your cold emails and talking to alumni will actually give you a much higher chance of securing an interview. Bocconi is a very respectable university, particularly in Italy and this reputation helps.
Overall, would you say that studying abroad in Italy helped your career?
Living in Italy is really fun because you're right in the centre of Europe. I travelled quite a bit while studying. The food is amazing and the weather is good for most of the year.
Another great thing is that you're not expected to be fluent in Italian. Within Bocconi University, you can use English whenever you like. Outside of the university, although it's useful to know a little bit of Italian, you can still use English for the most part.
There are also so many networking opportunities on offer and you’ll have a strong alumni network behind you.
Overall, would you recommend studying an MSc in Finance at Bocconi?
Of course I would!
当然会!
School of Fashion
Four unexpected things I learned from medical school
Beyond the ability to successfully diagnose patients and provide the care they need to get better, medical school has taught Baurzhan some unexpected lessons too.
Studying medicine can be intense. We study hard to understand the vast breadth of theoretical and practical skills needed to become a medical professional and help people with a variety of conditions. On top of studying, we work long shifts to put our knowledge into practice in a medical setting, gaining crucial experience in the field.
But beyond the ability to successfully diagnose patients and provide the care they need to get better, studying at JSC South Kazakhstan Medical Academy has taught me some unexpected lessons too. Things I like to think will make me a more rounded medical professional when I graduate.
Public speaking
From presenting group work in front of class to speaking at international scientific conferences, I’ve had numerous opportunities to learn the nerve-wracking skill of public speaking. I didn’t think part of my medical training would be learning to speak confidently in front of others, but being able to show my thoughts and ideas and put across my argument successfully will give me credibility as a professional.
Joining the debate club at my university taught me that there is no losing side when arguing a topic. It’s all about selecting the best arguments to outshine the opponent, which will be beneficial to me in the future as a doctor when I might need to persuade a patient to agree to medical treatment or a prescription. Plus, when working with colleagues it will help me to motivate others and to help each other to cope with the mental and emotional challenges that come with working in medicine.
Team work
Working in medicine means liaising with a variety of people, from doctors and nurses to psychologists, occupational therapists and lots of other experts in healthcare. Then there are the patients! At university, we’re often asked to work in groups to deliver a presentation or project with each person working on a different element and with different skills.
This has taught me where my skills are valuable and how to learn from others with different skills. I’ve also learned that you must find a common language to find the best outcome when working with others. Being able to work with lots of different people will help me to find the best care for my patients, whatever their health problems.
Work hard play hard
In medicine, there are many days when you need to complete several important tasks, not only for study but in your work too. On top of the assignments, placements and part time jobs, I also have to find time for my personal life. The best skill I’ve learned is to plan my day so I get everything done on time, and then I can go and enjoy myself.
It’s important to relax in between all the hard work, because it helps me to switch off and come back fresh tomorrow. I love going to the city arboretum with my friends and just breathing in the fresh air. If I need to release some energy, we’ll go to the karaoke club where we dance and sing all night.
Compassion
As a doctor, I might work with people from all walks of life who have different barriers when it comes to accessing or even understanding health problems. Having compassion for the difficulties my patients are dealing with is an important part of caring for others and will enable me to understand where some of those issues are coming from too.
At the same time, it’s important not to take your patient’s problems home with you, especially when dealing with sometimes traumatic situations. Being able to leave your patients in the capable hands of your medical colleagues means you can relax and unwind when you’re off duty, and you can tackle the problem afresh when you go back to work. I learned to be compassionate from my summer placements across hospitals in Shymkent, where I shadowed the doctors and saw their understanding and empathy for their patients.
I’m thankful that I’ll leave JSC South Kazakhstan Medical Academy with the skills I need to become a well-rounded medical professional when I graduate. Plus, I’ve gained lots of skills that will help me throughout life.
Beyond the ability to successfully diagnose patients and provide the care they need to get better, medical school has taught Baurzhan some unexpected lessons too.